6. All physical quantities in the microcosms, which are at the roots of the profundities of the material world, will most likely have to be reviewed on informational bases. We cannot expect the quantum mechanics to be invalidated. But we can expect to witness the rise of a physics of profundities that should furnish new images, and with the aid of information, be so able to pass to quantum mechanics. As we can pass from quantum mechanics to classical mechanics so can we expect to pass from the information physics of profundities to quantum mechanics. The forces at play in the universe might have informational roots. Referring to another realm of existence, we may just as well ask whether the social forces are not themselves essentially informational. We need not however make like analogies for recent progress in quantum mechanics point to questions on the informational nature of these quantum processes. Consider, for instance, the separation of two particles of 1/2 spin, which together made up initially a zero spin system (one having a positive and the other a negative spin). The theory and the physical process raise many difficulties in understanding1. Taking into account the formalism pertinent to quantum mechanics and the experimental results obtained so far, one may state that the spin of each of the subsystem (particles) of the system cannot be known before measurement. If the A-particle spin is measured and is positive, then the B-particle spin is negative. Otherwise, it would be difficult to "separate" the two particles as regards spin accuracy. In other words, quantum inseparability arises even when the two particles are brought to an appreciable distance from each other. Given that by measuring the spin of one particle we can also obtain the spin of the other and that the quantum theory cannot initially specify both spins, one may righteously ask if there should not be a spontaneous localization which quantum mechanics does not include. Or if the measurement gives the spin of one of the particles, then "there exists a certain signalling mechanism between the two separated systems, while one is being measured ... (and) ... if this were so, then the signals would travel at a speed greater than the light speed, a situation which the special theory of relativity excludes"2. What could then be the connection between the particles as far as they can no longer be considered as separate objects though they are apart. Do we have to consider reality as an essentially inseparable whole ?"3.
That quantum mechanics and the theory of relativity can merge together is so far not entirely validated. Indeed, it does not appear to be too easy to reconcile these two theories, for they might be the outcome of some profound physical-informational manifestations, and, as such, account for the material world generated from profundities. So, the combined work of these theories might not give a satisfactory explanation to the entire range of questions at stake. A more profound connection might account for what may sometimes appear to be strange in time and space or what seems to go beyond the quantum and relativistic theoretical background, as is the case of the above example.

7. If the profundities are the seat of the informational bases of the world, then we first have to understand better the informational aspects available. Let us examine the information that is beyond technique, that is beyond the information treated on statistical bases, as is, for instance, the information in the statistical theory of communications, or the information in the automated data processing systems. Otherwise stated, let us examine the genetic information in biology and the information developed with respect of the human being. The notion of information is not yet well defined in science. We actually have now several notions of information with no unifying concept. In order to understand information, we shall have most likely to consider the whole material world, beginning with the physical world and ending with the psychological activity of the human mind. From all we know, information appears to be principally a certain structure. It may be objective if it inscribes into the profundities of the matter, wherefrom it penetrates, under a certain form, into the quantum world down to the genetic elements of the live cell and to the structure of man's nervous system.

There exist therefore physical and informational structures. They may be of both kinds at the same time. Information may exist in the absence of consciousness. It becomes meaningful when it arises in a material device similar to the human brain. The semantics of artificial intelligence, which is formally possible, is generated by human beings, by those who develop artificial intelligence programmes. Although the artificial intelligence under its increasingly general form, which resembles human intelligence, could by itself get cognition and bear on the environment, it nevertheless derives from a living source. Whether artificial intelligence will strive to become a living, creative intelligence, this is still an unsolved question. However, the living property of artificial intelligence might be distinct from the human living. It might be subject to the natural and social consciousness, which has generated it as a new device. Today, the surrounding world becomes additionally meaningful to man in terms of the programmes and internal models of artificial intelligence. Information cannot be reduced to its formal aspects. We have to go as far as its living semantic roots. The profound information, which is presumed to be inscribed into the informatter, might exhibit certain rudiments of living nature.
Most of the information working objectively or via the human action appears to be formal. The living significance must be the highest-level state of the information in the universe. If the formal information is structure, then it is expected to be compatible, according to the types of possible structures, with various mathematical descriptions. The theory of information in its broadest meaning must be the theory of informational structures. Most informational structures can be described mathematically. All syntactic and many semantic structures can be described mathematically, but several living landmarks of the semantic information will most likely be incompatible with the mathematical description. We should not therefore except all semantic "structures" to be mathematically described. What are these structures of meaning which are the source of all the other meanings ? Are these structures of a psychological, a phenomenological nature, and how can this nature be condensed down to the profundities of the material world ? What is left of the 'living', what substratum of it can still be found in profundities so that the profound information may assume a living significance, however rudimentary this may be ? Nowadays, we can no longer avoid the connection between the physical, the informational and the living. Werner Heisenberg has contemplated along these lines, and the whole of modern physics advances in the same direction.

What Physics, Informationand the Living have in Common 28